I read reviews and summaries of Jared Diamond's thesis and theory about the European "advantage".
Different civilisations arose differently, at various speeds because of their physical geography, not racial or biological differences (genes). There is no superior genome that gave the Europeans an advantage. On the contrary, European civilisations have developed far faster than other countries in the world purely because of their geographical advantage. Europe had the right animals, which allowed farmers to domesticate the right types of animals (cows, sheeps, goats etc).
Europe also had mild climate - suitable for growing varied crop types and export them for trade. From the domestication of animals, settlers carried diseases and spread these deadly germs wherever they travelled, indirectly killing many of the indigenous populations even prior to colonialism.
Diamond explains Western domination with ecological / physical reasons rather than any racial or genetic binaries. Europe, in some sense, got lucky with their initial advantage because of social and external forces (e.g. North America hunted down all the species that could have been domesticated).
Europe was successful not because of inherent factors within itself, but because it used guns, germs, steel and colonialism to expand and conquer.
- Hence Rostow's Model does not apply to Europe as Europe didn't develop by itself, within itself. It relied on external factors, and used it's colonialism to extract resources from foreign land, leaving behind it's ideological and material legacy in many places across the world. These legacies have aided the spreading of European literature, language and ways of thinking.
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